Who qualifies as an individual with a disability?

An individual with a disability is defined primarily by the presence of a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities. This definition aligns with various legal frameworks, including the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which outlines the criteria for what constitutes a disability. A physical impairment could include conditions such as paralysis or chronic illness, while mental impairments could encompass a range of psychological disorders.

In this context, option B stands out because it directly addresses the core of the definition, focusing on the impact of physical or mental impairments on an individual's ability to engage in daily activities. This understanding is crucial for determining the rights and necessary accommodations for individuals with disabilities, ensuring they receive appropriate support in different environments, such as the workplace or educational settings.

Other options do not meet the criteria for understanding a disability in the context established by significant legislation and societal norms. For example, having a criminal record, while it may affect a person’s opportunities, does not equate to a disability in terms of physical or mental impairments. Similarly, allergies may affect individuals but are not typically classified as disabilities unless they significantly restrict activities and are considered severe. Lastly, lacking a high school diploma relates to education level rather than disability status. Thus, the correct identification